Experiences of ZHAO Yonghou in Differentiation and Staged Treatment of Schizophrenia Using the Theory of Ti （Character， 体） and Yong （Function， 用） in Mental Illness / 中医杂志

Based on the theory of ti （character， 体） and yong （function， 用） in mental illness， ZHAO Yonghou's clinical experience in staged differentiation and treatment of schizophrenia is summarized. According to the theory， the core disease location of schizophrenia is in the brain， which is closely related to the organs， qi， and blood. It is proposed to interpret the pathogenesis of schizophrenia from the perspective of “zang-fu organs-qi and blood-brain and spirit”， that is， dysfunction of the zang-fu organs， disharmony of qi and blood， and malnourishment of the brain ti lead to dysfunction of the spirit ti and yong. In clinical practice， treatment of schizophrenia can be divided into four stages， for which the method of treating ti and yong simultaneously is suggested. In the prodromal stage， Liuwei Dihuang Decoction combined with Sini San （六味地黄汤合四逆散） with modifications is used to nourish the kidney and boost marrow， soothe the liver and rectify the spleen. For acute exacerbation with binding of phlegm and heat syndrome， Zhaoshi Yikuang Decoction （赵氏抑狂汤） with modifications is used to clear heat and dispel phlegm， awaken the brain and calm the mind. For phlegm-heat damaging yin pattern， Mengshi Guntan Pill combined with Zengye Decoction （礞石滚痰丸合增液汤） with modifications is used to clear heat and dispel phlegm， enrich yin and calm the mind. For the chronic treatment stage， Yudian Decoction （愈癫汤） with modifications is used to disperse phlegm and dissolve stasis， move qi and awaken the mind. For the rehabilitation and regulation stage， Shenan Pill （神安丸） with modifications is used to boost qi and nourish yin， and tranquilize the mind.

CHEN Tongyun's Experience of Treating Postinflammatory Dyspigmentation by Unblocking and Nourishing Qi and Blood / 中医杂志

This paper summarized the clinical experience of CHEN Tongyun in the treatment of postinflammatory dyspigmentation with the method of unblocking and nourishing qi and blood. It is believed that the core pathogenesis of this disease is poor qi movement and skin blood stasis， for which the method of unblocking and nourishing qi and blood should be used. Postinflammatory pigmentation on the face is mainly caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis， and it is suggested to regulate liver and spleen， move qi and invigorate blood usually with modified Tonghua Decoction （通化汤）. Postinflammatory hypopigmentation is mainly due to qi and blood depletion， for which the treatment should be fortifying the spleen and strengthening kidney， replenishing qi and generating blood， and modified Yangfu Decoction （养复汤） is commonly used. Simultaneously， medicinals of ascending and descending functions， moving qi and blood， warming yang and nourishing yin should be combined， and the results from modern pharmacological research should be considered.

PENG Qinghua's Clinical Experience in Treating Dry Eye by the Therapeutic Method of “Maintaining with the Sweet and Restoring the Body Fluids” / 中医杂志

This paper summarized PENG Qinghua's clinical experience in treating dry eye by applying therapeutic method of maintaining with sweet medicinals and restoring the body fluids. It is believed that the spleen earth insufficiency and fluids damage transforming into dryness are the main pathogenesis of the disease， and the basic therapeutic principle is maintaining with the sweet and restoring the body fluids by mainly using sweet medicines. It is advocated to use mild-sweet herbs， such as Baibiandou （Lablab purpureus subsp. purpureus）， Fuling （Smilax glabra Roxb.）， and Yiyiren （Coix lacryma-jobi L.）， to transport spleen earth， so that qi is restored and body fluids are recovered； moderate-sweet herbs， such as Dangshen （Codonopsis pilosula ［Franch.］ Nannf.）， Taizishen （Pseudostellaria heterophylla ［Miq.］ Pax）， Shanyao （Dioscorea oppositifolia L.） and Zhigancao （Glycyrrhiza glabra L.） are suggested to cultivate earth and generate metal， so as to move qi and circulate fluid； sweet-cool herbs， such as Nanshashen （Adenophora triphylla ［Thunb.］ A.DC.）， Beishashen （Glehnia littoralis ［A.Gray］ F.Schmidt ex Miq.）， Yuzhu （Polygonatum odoratum ［Mill.］ Druce）， Tianhuafen （Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.） are suggested to nourish yin and increase body fluids， so as to promote fluid production to moisten dryness. In this way， when the source of fluid is restored and the fluid is circulated， the fluid can be produced continuously， which provides new ideas for the treatment of dry eyes with traditional Chinese medicine.

Experience of LIN Yi in Disease-Syndrome-Syptom Differentiation and Treatment of Breast Cancer in Consolidation Phase / 中医杂志

This article summarized the clinical experience of Professor LIN Yi in applying the idea of disease-syndrome-syptom combination to the differentiation and treatment of breast cancer in consolidation phase. It is believed that the fundamental pathogenesis of breast cancer in consolidation phase is deficiency of healthy qi， so the treatment should emphasize on reinforcing healthy qi as the main and eliminating pathogen as the supplement. Commonly， Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤）， Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）， and Liuwei Dihuang Decoction （六味地黄汤） are used as the basic formula to strengthen the spleen and kidney to reinforce healthy qi， and Baihua Sheshe Cao （Scleromitrion diffusum ［Willd.］ R.J.Wang）， Yiyiren （Coix lacryma-jobi L.）， and ezhu （Curcuma aromatica Salisb.） are used to eliminate cancer toxin. It is also believed that the biological characteristics of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer are of great significance to the syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine， therefore， the formulas used in clinical practice are often selected taking into considerations of molecular subtypes of breast cancer. For those with positive sex hormone receptor， the most important thing is to replenish the congenital and benefit kidney essence， with modified Baihua Qiqi Decoction （白花芪杞汤）； for those with negative sex hormone receptor， the first step is to strengthen spleen and replenish kidneys， and it is especially important to strengthen the spleen with Baihua Qiling Decoction （白花芪苓汤）. At the same time， it is suggested that the primary and the secondary symptoms of patients should be differentiated， and the diseases and symptoms， as well as the modern medical laboratory indicators should be combined to give suitable medication.

AI Rudi's Experience in Differentiating and Treating Facial Hormone-dependent Dermatitis by Stages Using the method of Clearing Heat and Protecting Yin / 中医杂志

This paper summarized the clinical experience of AI Rudi in the treatment facial hormone-dependent dermatitis with the method of clearing heat and protecting yin. It is believed that the key pathogenesis is the heat toxin accumulation， yin depletion and collaterals obstruction. The clinical treatment should focus on “heat exuberance” and “yin depletion”. It is advocated that “half treatment is from heat and half from yin” is the general principle， and the treatment is staged. In the acute phase， the treatment is half from cooling blood and dispersing wind to dispel heat pathogen， and half from protecting fluid and moisturizing skin to strengthen yin； and the modified Liangxue Xiaofeng Powder （凉血消风散） could be used. In the chronic phase， half treatment is from clearing residual toxin to eliminate heat pathogen， and half from nourishing yin and unblocking collaterals to strengthen yin， for which Xuanmai Ganju Decoction and Erzhi Pills （玄麦甘桔汤合二至丸） can be used and modified according to the symptoms. At the same time， we should pay attention to the simultaneous internal and external treatment， and emphasize the importance of daily protection in the treatment of the disease.

ZHANG Lei's Experience in Treating Scleroderma from “Extraordinary Pathogens Entering Collaterals” / 中医杂志

This paper summarized professor ZHANG Lei′s experience in treating scleroderma from “extraordinary pathogens entering collaterals”. The basic pathogenesis of scleroderma is “extraordinary pathogens entering the collaterals”， and extraordinary pathogens can be divided into external and internal categories. External extraordinary pathogens are mostly exogenous wind， cold and damp pathogens， and the pathogenesis is wind， cold and damp invading skin stria and retaining collaterals. Most of the endogenous extraordinary pathogens are turbid phlegm and blood stasis， and the pathogenesis is endogenous phlegm and stasis leaving the channels and overflowing the collaterals， and blocking the collaterals. Blocked by extraordinary pathogens for a long time， the long illness will lead to deficiency and develop into a syndrome of collaterals excess and channels deficiency. Therefore， professor ZHANG creats Tengluo Beverage （藤络饮） as the basic formula to unblock collaterals and dispel pathogens， and recommends to add or subtract it according to the different syndrome and pathogenic characteristics of the edema stage， sclerosis stage， and atrophy stage. In the edema stage， it is advised to expel wind， remove dampness and unblock the collaterals， while in the sclerosis stage， the method of dissolving phlegm， expelling stasis and unblocking collaterals should be used； in the atrophic stage， it is suggested to differentiate the deficiency of qi， blood， yin and yang， and eliminate extraordinary pathogens on the basis of reinforcing healthy qi .

Peng Qinghua's Experience in the Staged Treatment of Autoimmune Uveitis / 中医杂志

This paper summarized clinical experience of Professor Peng Qinghua in the staged treatment of autoimmune uveitis （AU）. The pathogenesis of AU is always based on root-cause deficiency and manifestation excess， with weakness of healthy qi as the root， and accumulation of wind， dampness and blood stasis as the minifestation. Syndrome differentiation and treatment is usually carried out according to different stages of disease. During the acute stage， deficiency of healthy qi and stagnation of wind-dampness are the key pathomechanisms， so the treatment is to replenish qi and activate blood， dispel wind and remove dampness， and self-made Yiqi Huoxue Qufeng Chushi Decoction （益气活血祛风除湿方） can be used. During remission stage， deficiency of spleen and kidney is the key mechanism， so the treatment is to tonify the spleen and kidney， replenish the essence and brighten the eyes， and self-made Yijing Mingmu Decoction （益精明目汤） can be used. Meanwhile， it was recommened to treat early， prevent and interrupt the disease， commonly combine with Chinese patent medicine Zhengqing Fengtongning tablets （正清风痛宁缓释片）， and promote regulation of living to prevent recurrence.

Experience of Professor WANG Xianbo in Treating Hepatitis B Virus Associated Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure by Differentiating Syndromes from Dampness， Heat， Toxicity， Stasis and Deficiency / 中医杂志

By summarising Professor WANG Xianbo's clinical experience in treating hepatitis B virus associated acute-on-chronic liver failure （HBV-ACLF）， it is believed that HBV-ACLF is a syndrome of root-cause deficiency and manifestation excess， with spleen deficiency as the root cause and dampness-heat-toxicity-blood stasis as the manifestation， and the therapeutic methods proposed as “detoxification and cooling of the blood to promote circulation of the internal organs， and strengthening spleen and resolving dampness to take care of the middle energizer”. In the treatment of HBV-ACLF， for syndrome of stasis-heat-toxicity mass， it was common to use the Jiedu Liangxue Formula （解毒凉血方） by detoxifying and cooling blood； For syndrome of dampness-heat-toxicity mass， it was common to use in the Jiedu Liangxue Lishi Formula （解毒凉血利湿方） by detoxifying and cooling the blood， strengthening the spleen and resolving dampness； For syndrome of spleen-deficiency and dampness-heat， it was common to use in the Jiedu Liangxue Jianpi Formula （解毒凉血健脾方， also known as Zhonggan No.2 Formula） by strengthening the spleen and reple-nishing qi， clearing heat and resolving dampness.

WANG Xinlu's Experience in Treating Metabolic Syndrome based on “Blood Turbidity” / 中医杂志

This paper summarized professor WANG Xinlu's experience in treating metabolic syndrome （MS） based on the “blood turbidity” theory. It is believed that blood turbidity is the key pathological factor for the onset of MS. Blood turbidity accumulates internally， and the zang-fu （脏腑） organs become useless， leading to MS. With long-term blood turbidity， phlegm and stasis are cemented， and the condition is worsened， having changed syndromesfrequently. In clinical practice， the basic treatment method is to clear and dissolve blood turbidity， taking self-prepared Modified Huazhuo Xingxue Decoction （加味化浊行血汤） as the basic formula， and flexibly modifying it according to different stages and manifestations of the disease. Simultaneously， supplementary modern medicines are used to treat abnormal indicators of western medicine.

Experience of ZHANG Boli in Staged Treating Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Based on the Theory of “Similar Diseases and Syndromes of Damp-Turbidity-Phlegm-Rheum” / 中医杂志

This article summarizes the experience of Professor ZHANG Boli in the staged treatment of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease （VEO-IBD）. Grounded in the theory of “similar diseases and syndromes of damp-turbidity-phlegm-rheum”， it is believed that dampness and turbidity are crucial pathogenic factors in VEO-IBD. During the acute phase， the core pathogenesis centers on the accumulation of turbid toxins in the intestines. The treatment focuses on dispelling dampness and clearing turbidity to eliminate turbid toxins， while also regulating the flow of qi and nourishing the spleen and kidney. During the remission phase， the core pathogenesis involves spleen and kidney deficiency， which is treated by invigorating the spleen and warming the kidney to strengthen the body resistance. Additionally， promoting blood circulation and eliminating stasis is integrated throughout the treatment process. Medications are chosen to be mild and gentle， emphasizing balance and harmony， and attention is given to the methods of administration and psychological well-being， ensuring comprehensive care for both body and mind.

Research on Syndrome and Treatment Rules of Famous Doctors in Treating Ulcerative Colitis Based on Data Mining / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo systematically review the clinical experience of four sessions of Masters of Traditional Chinese Medicine and two sessions of National Famous Chinese Medicine Practitioners in treating ulcerative colitis （UC）. Data mining and analysis were conducted to clarify the diagnosis and treatment ideas and characteristics of prescription used by these famous doctors in treating UC. MethodsRelevant literature on the treatment of UC by renowned doctors was retrieved from the establishment of the database until March 31， 2023. The literature was collected from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database， and China Biomedical Literature Database. The data mining techniques including frequency analysis， association rules， and cluster analysis were conducted using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform V2.3.5. ResultsA total of 157 literatures were included in this study， including 115 clinical case data. The study found that UC can be categorized into 14 types of syndrome patterns for treatment， including large intestine dampness-heat syndrome （75，65.22%）， syndrome of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency （23， 20.00%）， spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome （21， 18.26%）. The main affected organs were the spleen （85， 73.91%） and large intestine （75， 65.22%）， and they were closely related to liver （24， 20.87%） and the kidney （21， 18.26%）. The predominant pathogenic factors were dampness （83， 72.17%） ， heat （80， 69.57%） and qi deficiency （65， 56.52%）. The treatment involved 30 kinds of treatment methods， including heat-clearing and dampness-draining method （75， 65.22%）， pleen-tonifying and qi-boosting method （25，21.74%） and spleen-invigorating and dampness-transforming method （23， 20.00%）. The medication involved 187 ingredients， with the most commonly used being heat-clearing herbs （37， 19.79%） and tonifying herbs （27， 14.44%）. The tastes of the herbs were mostly sweet （85， 45.45%） ， bitter （80， 42.78%） ， and pungent （71， 37.97%）. The association rules revealed 16 high-frequency combinations mainly composed of Huanglian （黄连）， Baishao （白芍） and Gancao （甘草） along with Baizhu （白术）， Fuling （茯苓）， Muxiang （木香） and Danggui （当归）. ConclusionFamous doctors are skilled in diagnosing and treating UC based on the differentiation of the zang-fu organs and qi-blood. The key pathological mechanism is “spleen deficiency as the root， and large intestine damp-heat as the manifestation”. The core treatment approach is “heat-clearing， spleen-tonifying， and dampness-draining”， with the inclusion of “regulating qi and blood， and balancing cold and heat”.

ZHUANG Lixing's Experience in Differentiating and Treating Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease / 中医杂志

This paper summarized Professor ZHUANG Lixing's clinical experience in differentiating and treating levodopa-induced dyskinesia （LID） in Parkinson's disease. It is believed that the fundamental pathogenesis of LID lies in the disharmony or malnourishment of tendons and vessels. Based on the clinical manifestations， peak-dose LID is differentiated into two syndromes： syndrome of hyperactive liver yang causing wind and syndrome of deficiency of both liver and kidney. For the syndrome of hyperactive liver yang causing wind， the treatment focuses on calming the liver to stop the wind， and relaxing the tendons to stop tremors. The main prescription used is Zhengan Xifeng Decoction （镇肝熄风汤） with the addition of Shijueming （石决明） and Zhenzhumu （珍珠母）. For the syndrome of deficiency of both liver and kidney， the treatment focuses on nourishing the liver and kidneys， and replenishing yin to stop the wind. The main prescription used is Dabuyin Pills （大补阴丸） with modification. LID in the acoustic phase is differentiated into syndrome of phlegm-damp blocking middle jiao and syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin. For the syndrome of phlegm-damp blocking middle jiao， the treatment focuses on dissipating phlegm and eliminating dampness， and nurturing tendons and vessels. Wendan Decoction （温胆汤） or Erchen Decoction （二陈汤） with modification is used. For the syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin， the treatment focuses on replenishing qi and nourishing blood， and nurturing tendons and vessels. The main prescriptions used are Buzhong Yiqi Decoction （补中益气汤） or Bazhen Decoction （八珍汤） or Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散） with modification. Biphasic LID is differentiated as the Shaoyang pivot disadvantageousness， and the treatment focuses on harmonizing Shaoyang and regulating the pivot. The main prescription used is Xiaochaihu Decoction （小柴胡汤） with modification.

ZHANG Yunling's Experience in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis from Emphasis on both Spleen and Kidney / 中医杂志

This paper summarized Professor ZHANG Yunling's experience in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS） from emphasis on both spleen and kidney. It is considered that the characteristic of ALS manifested as overlap of atrophy-flaccidity disease and convulsive disease， and the core pathogenesis are the deficiency of spleen and kidney and the inner pathogenic qi. ZHANG advocated that ALS should be treated from tonifying both the spleen and kidney， as strong spleen and kidney led the latent pathogen at peace. Usually applied Huangqi （Astragalus mongholicus）， Baizhu （Atractylodes macrocephala） combined with Taizishen （Pseudostellaria heterophylla）， fried Yiyiren （Coix lacryma-jobi）， Doukou （Myristica fragrans） and Sharen （Wurfbainia villosa） to tonify the middle and replenish qi， ascend lucidity and descend turbidity to invigorate the spleen； Roucongrong （Cistanche deserticola）， Tusizi （Cuscuta chinensis） combined with Shanyao （Dioscorea oppositifolia）， Shanzhuyu （Cornus officinalis） and prepared Dihuang （Rehmannia glutinosa） are used to support the fire and nourish the water， so as to replenish the spleen. The empirical formula regarded invigorateing the spleen and replenishing the kidney as the core therapeutic principle throughout the treatment of the whole process， which aimed at extinguishing inner wind and pacifying latent pathogen when treating the root.

ZHANG Zhiyuan's Experience in Using Baizhu （Atractylodes macrocephala） in Clinical Practice / 中医杂志

Professor Zhang Zhiyuan， a master of Chinese medicine， made good use of Baizhu （Atractylis macrocephala （Koidz.））. Except for defecation in clinical practice， he usually prescribed processed Baizhu after stir-frying with soil. Baizhu is good at excreting water and removing dampness， so applied it in the formula series with Fuling （Poria cocos） and Guizhi （Cassia Twig） or self-made decoction for diarrhea. High-dose Baizhu could be used for edema by treating obstructive syndrome with tonics， so Baizhu were added in self-made Shugan Qushui Decoction （疏肝祛水汤） or modified Lizhong Decoction （理中汤） for liver cirrhosis ascites. It was emphasized that Baizhu could eliminate phlegm， so added it in modified Zexei Decoction （泽泻汤） for excess syndrome of vertigo. It was also acknow-ledged that Baizhu could strengthen the spleen and stomach， and was suitable for deficiency or excess syndrome of abdominal distension， so applied it in Burun Decoction （补润汤） for abdominal distension with deficiency-excess in complexity， and applied it in Zhizhu Decoction （枳术汤） or self-made Tiaozhong Decoction （调中汤） for deficient abdominal distention.

Professor ZHANG Boli's Experience in Treating Stubborn Bi （痹） with Ruxiang （Olibanum）-Moyao （Myrrha） Pair / 中医杂志

This paper summarized professor ZHANG Boli's experience in treating stubborn bi （痹） with the herbal pair of Ruxiang （Olibanum）- Moyao （Myrrha）. The basic pathogenesis of stubborn bi is channel and collateral stasis and obstruction. Ruxiang and Moyao are thus used in mutual reinforcement to rectify qi and diffuse bi， activate blood and relieve pain， thereby removing static and obstructed qi and blood， unblocking the obstructed channels and colla-terals， which is especially suitable for stubborn bi caused by channel and collateral obstruction. In clinical practice， the herbal pair of Ruxiang-Moyao is used together with qi-moving and blood-activating medicinals to treat chest bi by expelling stasis and diffusing stagnation， dissipating cold and unblocking vessels. To treat long-term wither and weakness in late stage of stroke， the medicinals of boosting qi and invigorating blood， unblocking channels and venting collaterals can be added to the herbal pair so as to soothe and drain vessels and collaterals， harmonize and regulate qi and blood. Simiao Yongan Decoction （四妙勇安汤） can be integrated in the treatment of vessel bi by moving qi and dissolving stasis， and for the long-term stubborn vessel bi， integrated internal and external treatment is suggested by external use of Ruxiang-Moyao to vent bi with aromatics. Moreover， it is emphasized to use the herbal pair of Ruxiang-Moyao in accordance with indications and cautions.

LI Yuanwen's Experience in Treating Children's Atopic Dermatitis from Liver and Spleen / 中医杂志

This paper summarized LI Yuanwen's clinical experience in treating children with atopic dermatitis. It is considered that the core pathogenesis of children's atopic dermatitis is liver constraint and spleen deficiency， for which the main treatment methods are soothing the liver and fortifying the spleen， regulating blood and extinguishing wind， and self-made Jiawei Guomin Decoction （加味过敏煎） can be used. In clinical practice， children with atopic dermatitis are mainly divided into six types including heart fire hyperactivity， blood heat and exuberant toxin， damp pathogen congestion， disharmony of spleen and stomach， blood deficiency and wind-dryness， and yang deficiency and blood stasis. Jiawei Guomin Decoction with modifications in accordance with differentiated syndromes is recommended together with external used Qingshi Zhiyang Ointment （青石止痒软膏）.

XU Jingshi's Experience in Using Zhuru （Caulis Bambusae in Taenia） in Clinical Practice / 中医杂志

This paper summarized professor XU Jingshi's understanding and clinical experience of using Zhuru （Caulis Bambusae in Taenia）. It is suggested that suitable processed products should be flexibly selected according to the pathogenesis. Ginger-fried Zhuru is good at clearing the gallbladder and harmonizing the stomach， and balancing the ascending and descending， and self-made Xiaohua Funing Decoction （消化复宁汤）， modified Huanglian Wendan Decoction （黄连温胆汤）， and Danqi Heluo Beverage （丹七和络饮） can be used to treat palpitations， restlessness， upset， insomnia， and others. Dried Zhuru can resolve phlegm and clear heat， harmonize the center and calm spirit， and self-made Qingdan Cuimian Formula （清胆催眠方） is often used to treat palpitations， restlessness， insomnia， etc. Raw Zhuru is good at clearing the lung and dispelling phlegm， relieving cough and calming panting， which is commonly used in treating phlegm-heat cough and asthma caused by phlegm heat accumulating in the lung and ascending counterflow of lung qi. In addition， as Zhuru can clear heart and remove vexation， direct counterflow downward and relieve constraint， self-made Shugan Liyu Formula （疏肝理郁方） is often used to treat all diseases caused by constraints. Considering Zhuru has the function of harmonizing the actions of all medicinals in a formula， guiding the medicinals into the stomach， and regulating the ascending and descending of qi movement in central spleen and stomach， self-made Fuzheng Anzhong Decoction （扶正安中汤） can be used for postoperative treatment of various malignant tumors.

AI Rudi's Experience in Differentiating and Treating Facial Hormone-dependent Dermatitis by Stages Using the method of Clearing Heat and Protecting Yin / 中医杂志

@#This paper summarized the clinical experience of AI Rudi in the treatment facial hormone-dependent dermatitis with the method of clearing heat and protecting yin. It is believed that the key pathogenesis is the heat toxin accumulation， yin depletion and collaterals obstruction. The clinical treatment should focus on “heat exuberance” and “yin depletion”. It is advocated that “half treatment is from heat and half from yin” is the general principle， and the treatment is staged. In the acute phase， the treatment is half from cooling blood and dispersing wind to dispel heat pathogen， and half from protecting fluid and moisturizing skin to strengthen yin； and the modified Liangxue Xiaofeng Powder （凉血消风散） could be used. In the chronic phase， half treatment is from clearing residual toxin to eliminate heat pathogen， and half from nourishing yin and unblocking collaterals to strengthen yin， for which Xuanmai Ganju Decoction and Erzhi Pills （玄麦甘桔汤合二至丸） can be used and modified according to the symptoms. At the same time， we should pay attention to the simultaneous internal and external treatment， and emphasize the importance of daily protection in the treatment of the disease.

ZHANG Lei's Experience in Treating Scleroderma from “Extraordinary Pathogens Entering Collaterals” / 中医杂志

@#This paper summarized professor ZHANG Lei′s experience in treating scleroderma from “extraordinary pathogens entering collaterals”. The basic pathogenesis of scleroderma is “extraordinary pathogens entering the collaterals”， and extraordinary pathogens can be divided into external and internal categories. External extraordinary pathogens are mostly exogenous wind， cold and damp pathogens， and the pathogenesis is wind， cold and damp invading skin stria and retaining collaterals. Most of the endogenous extraordinary pathogens are turbid phlegm and blood stasis， and the pathogenesis is endogenous phlegm and stasis leaving the channels and overflowing the collaterals， and blocking the collaterals. Blocked by extraordinary pathogens for a long time， the long illness will lead to deficiency and develop into a syndrome of collaterals excess and channels deficiency. Therefore， professor ZHANG creats Tengluo Beverage （藤络饮） as the basic formula to unblock collaterals and dispel pathogens， and recommends to add or subtract it according to the different syndrome and pathogenic characteristics of the edema stage， sclerosis stage， and atrophy stage. In the edema stage， it is advised to expel wind， remove dampness and unblock the collaterals， while in the sclerosis stage， the method of dissolving phlegm， expelling stasis and unblocking collaterals should be used； in the atrophic stage， it is suggested to differentiate the deficiency of qi， blood， yin and yang， and eliminate extraordinary pathogens on the basis of reinforcing healthy qi .

Professor clinical experience of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine on functional dyspepsia / 中国针灸

Professor -'s clinical experience of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine on functional dyspepsia is introduced. Inview of the treatment based on syndrome differentiation, professor uses acupuncture with Chinese herbal medicine, psychological counseling and regular diet, etc. to treat functional dyspepsia comprehensively. In terms of syndrome differentiation, six-meridian and visceral syndrome differentiation are selected;methods such as soothing liver and regulating , invigorating spleen and stomach are adopted as the treatment principle; meridians are mainly the conception vessel, stomach meridian of foot- and spleen meridian of foot-; acupoints are mainly selected with "new ten needles" and both internal and external treatment are advocated; needling method is fast twisting needle insertion; manipulation is adopted with directional supplementation and draining method; and the combination of acupuncture and Chinese herbs is adopted on the treatment. Regular diet, standardized work and rest, five elements music therapy for psychological intervention, give patients positive psychological hints, to achieve the effect of both body and mind.